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Analogies
Level 1 Questions
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1.
agent : outcome ::
1. activity : result
2. reaction : residue
3. centre : circumference
4. spy : secret
5. soporific: sleep
Answer : 5
Explanation :
An agent is someone or something that provokes an outcome: who or which plays an active role in producing the desired effect. The relationship here is one inducing the other.
A. All activities don't induce results so the analogy is not apt.
B. All reactions do not leave a residue.
C. A centre does not produce or induce a circumference.
D. A spy does not produce a secret - he uncovers secrets.
E. A soporific is any substance that induces sleep and so this is the correct analogy.
2.
encroach : property ::
1. plagiarise : idea
2. transgress : violate
3. condemn : sin
4. interrupt : time
5. interfere : action
Answer : 1
Explanation :
To encroach is to take away somebody's rightful property.
A. To plagiarize is to steal somebody's idea. This analogy is similar to the one given above.
B. To transgress is to violate someone's rights in some form : the analogy is not similar to the given pair.
C. A sin is condemned - the analogy is not apt.
D. To interrupt doesn't mean to steal time.
E. The two words are not related to each other in the given sense.
3.
LIBRETTO : OPERA ::
1. score: music
2. plot: novel
3. aria: song
4. script: play
5. coda: composition
Answer : 1
Explanation :
A libretto is the entire text of an opera or any long vocal composition which is enacted on stage.
A. A score is the written representation of any musical composition, whether performed on stage or not.
B. A plot is the interrelated sequence of events in a novel but a novel is not performed on stage.
C. An aria is a long, accompanied song for a solo voice sung in an opera - it is not the whole text.
D. A script is the entire written text of a play, similar to a libretto for an opera. So this is the correct option.
E. A coda is the concluding piece of a musical composition so the analogy is not similar to the one given above.
4.
bore : barrel ::
1. drill : pneumatic
2. ship : steamer
3. calibre : shell
4. bullet : gun
5. dagger : scabbard
Answer : 3
Explanation :
A bore is the diameter of the barrel of a gun.
A. A drill is driven by pneumatic power - the analogy is not similar to the one given above.
B. Some ships are steamers - again the analogy is not appropriate.
C. A 'calibre' is the diameter of a bullet or shell, so this is the correct analogy.
D. A bullet is not the diameter of a gun.
E. The scabbard is a casing which holds the dagger - one is not a diameter of the other.
5.
censorious : critical ::
1. complex : tepid
2. panegyric : praise
3. convoluted : involuted
4. plain : complicated
5. ornate : ordinary
Answer : 2
Explanation :
A censorious person is critical - the words are synonymous.
A. Complex and tepid are used as adjectives for different kinds of nouns and are not related to each other.
B. A panegyric is a public speech or text in praise of someone. The relationship is similar to the one given above.
C. The two options are antonyms.
D. The two options are antonyms.
E. These two options are again antonyms and do not conform to the given relationship.
6.
LOWING : CATTLE ::
1. Toreador : Bull
2. Frisky : Lamb
3. Obstinate : Mule
4. Neighing : Horse
5. Whining : Cat
Answer : 4
Explanation :
Lowing is the sound made by cattle. The analogy is the sound produced by an animal.
(A) A toreador is a bull-fighter - he tames a bull. The analogy is inappropriate.
(B) Frisky is not the sound made by a lamb. Friskiness is one of its characteristics.
(C) A mule is generally held to be obstinate. It is not a sound.
(D) Neighing is the sound produced by a horse, so the analogy is appropriate.
(E) It is a dog which whines and not a cat.
7.
riveting : arresting ::
1. police : criminal
2. welding : girder
3. dull : tedious
4. exciting : tame
5. joint : carpentry
Answer : 3
Explanation :
Riveting and arresting are both words which suggest that one's attention has been engaged, that something has held one's interest. They are synonymous words.
A. The word 'arrest' here has a different connotation and is not related to policemen or criminals.
B. The word 'rivet' here is taken in the sense of 'bolt' which is used for holding two metal plates together. Again, the word is interpreted in the wrong sense
C. 'Dull' and 'tedious' both connote a lack of interest. They are synonymous words and so this is the correct option.
D. The two options are antonyms and do not conform to the given relationship.
E. Again, the word 'rivet' is taken in the wrong sense.
8.
Copernican: Ptolemaic ::
1. geographic : historical
2. astronomical : classical
3. heliocentric : geocentric
4. geological : glacial
5. ancient : modern
Answer : 3
Explanation :
This question tests your knowledge of astronomical theories. Copernicus was a Polish astronomer who formulated the theory that the planets orbit the sun. Ptolemy, the Greek astronomer had theorized that the earth is the stationary center of the universe.
A. Both were astronomers dealing with the same subject matter, so this is not the correct option.
B. Ptolemy also formulated an astronomical theory even if he belonged to the classical era.
C. 'Helios' means 'the sun' in Greek. Copernicus' theory showed the sun as the center of the universe, so it was 'heliocentric' whereas Ptolemy's theory was 'geo' or earth centered. So this is the correct option.
D. The two options do not represent the fields of study of the astronomers.
E. The names are given in the adjectival form which suggests that their theories are being referred to here, not just the time they were living in.
9.
CHURLISHNESS : SURLY ::
1. courtesy : polite
2. invective : pleasant
3. tirade : mocking
4. wilfulness : accommodating
5. acerbity : tolerant
Answer : 1
Explanation :
Churlishness and surly are both associated with bad-temper. They are synonymous words.
(A) Courtesy and polite are both associated with good manners. This relationship is analogous with the given one.
(B) Invective (bad, offensive language) can never be pleasant. The words are not synonymous.
(C) A tirade is a long, vehement denunciation - there is nothing of humor or mockery in it. The two words are thus not related.
(D) A wilful person is a headstrong, obstinate person who will not adjust or be accommodating.
(E) An acerbic person has a harsh temper and a bitter tongue and can hardly be termed tolerant.
10.
ELABORATE : SIMPLE ::
1. complex : difficult
2. convoluted : involuted
3. complicated : ordinary
4. ornate : plain
5. decent : drab
Answer : 4
Explanation :
Elaborate and simple are at two opposite ends of the spectrum, they are antonyms.
(A) A complex problem is difficult to solve so the two words do not exhibit the given relationship.
(B) Convoluted means twisted and complex while involuted implies intricate, curling inwards. Both the words are associated with complexity and are not antonymous.
(C) The antonym of complicated is simple and not ordinary and so the two words are not related.
(D) Ornate is elaborately adorned and is antonymous in sense with plain. This is the same relationship as the given one.
(E) Decency - good behavior or propriety cannot be associated with drabness which refers to objects (clothes, buildings).
Analogies
Level 2 Questions
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